Michael Jackson
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other people named Michael Jackson, see Michael Jackson (disambiguation).
| Michael Jackson | |
|---|---|
Jackson performing in 1988
| |
| Born | Michael Joseph Jackson August 29, 1958 Gary, Indiana, U.S. |
| Died | June 25, 2009 (aged 50) Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
Cause of death
| Cardiac arrest |
Resting place
| Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California, U.S. |
| Residence | Neverland Ranch, Los Olivos, California, U.S. |
| Other names | Michael Joe Jackson |
| Occupation |
|
| Net worth |  U.S. $236 million (estimate as of March 2007)[1] |
| Spouse(s) | Lisa Marie Presley (m. 1994; div. 1996) Deborah Jeanne Rowe (m. 1996; div. 1999) |
| Children | Michael Joseph Jackson, Jr. Paris-Michael Katherine Jackson Prince Michael Jackson II |
| Parents | Joseph Walter Jackson Katherine Esther Scruse |
| Relatives |
|
| Musical career | |
| Genres | |
| Instruments |
|
| Years active | 1964–2009 |
| Labels | |
| Associated acts | The Jackson 5 |
Michael Joseph Jackson[2][3] (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, actor, dancer, businessman, and philanthropist. Called the King of Pop,[4][5] his contributions to music, dance, and fashion, along with his publicized personal life, made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.
The eighth child of the Jackson family, he debuted on the professional music scene along with his brothers as a member of The Jackson 5in 1964, and began his solo career in 1971. In the early 1980s, Jackson became a dominant figure in popular music. The music videos for his songs, including those of "Beat It", "Billie Jean", and "Thriller", were credited with breaking down racial barriers and with transforming the medium into an art form and promotional tool. The popularity of these videos helped to bring the then-relatively-new television channelMTV to fame. With videos such as "Black or White" and "Scream", he continued to innovate the medium throughout the 1990s, as well as forging a reputation as a touring solo artist. Through stage and video performances, Jackson popularized a number of complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk, to which he gave the name. His distinctive sound and style has influenced numerouship hop, post-disco, contemporary R&B, pop, and rock artists.
Jackson's 1982 album Thriller is the best-selling album of all time. His other albums, including Off the Wall (1979), Bad (1987), Dangerous(1991), and HIStory (1995), also rank among the world's best-selling. Jackson is one of the few artists to have been inducted into theRock and Roll Hall of Fame twice. He was also inducted into the Dance Hall of Fame as the first and only dancer from pop and rock music. Some of his other achievements include multiple Guinness World Records; 13 Grammy Awards as well as the Grammy Legend Award and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award; 26 American Music Awards, more than any other artist, including the "Artist of the Century" and "Artist of the 1980s"; 13 number-one singles in the United States in his solo career, more than any other male artist in theHot 100 era; and the estimated sale of over 400 million records worldwide.[6][7][8][Note 1] Jackson has won hundreds of awards, making him the most-awarded recording artist in the history of popular music.[9] In what would have been Jackson's 52nd birthday on August 29, 2010, he became the most downloaded artist of all time in Nokia Music Store.[10][11] Jackson became the first artist in history to have a top ten single in the Billboard Hot 100 in five different decades when "Love Never Felt So Good" reached number nine on May 21, 2014.[12] Jackson traveled the world attending events honoring his humanitarianism and in 2000, the Guinness Book of Records recognized him for supporting 39 charities, more than any other artist or entertainer.[13]
Aspects of Jackson's personal life, including his changing appearance, personal relationships, and behavior, generated controversy. In the mid-1990s, he was accused of child sexual abuse, but the case was settled out of court for about $25 million and no formal charges were brought.[14] In 2005, he was tried and acquitted of further child sexual abuse allegations and several other charges after the jury found him not guilty on all counts. While preparing for his comeback concert series titled This Is It, Jackson died of acute propofol andbenzodiazepine intoxication on June 25, 2009, after suffering from cardiac arrest. The Los Angeles County Coroner ruled his death a homicide, and his personal physician Conrad Murray was convicted of involuntary manslaughter. Jackson's death triggered a global outpouring of grief and a live broadcast of his public memorial service was viewed around the world.[15]
Contents
[hide]- 1 Life and career
- 1.1 1958–75: Early life and The Jackson 5
- 1.2 1975–81: Move to Epic and Off the Wall
- 1.3 1982–83: Thriller and Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever
- 1.4 1984–85: Pepsi, "We Are the World", and business career
- 1.5 1986–90: Appearance, tabloids, Bad, films, autobiography, and Neverland
- 1.6 1991–93: Dangerous, Heal the World Foundation, and Super Bowl XXVII
- 1.7 1993–94: First child sexual abuse allegations and first marriage
- 1.8 1995–99: HIStory, second marriage, and fatherhood
- 1.9 2000–03: Label dispute, Invincible, and third child
- 1.10 2003–05: Second child sexual abuse allegations and acquittal
- 1.11 2006–09: Closure of Neverland, final years, and This Is It
- 2 Death and memorial
- 3 Artistry
- 4 Legacy and influence
- 5 Honors and awards
- 6 Earnings and wealth
- 7 U.S. Federal estate tax problems
- 8 Discography
- 9 Filmography
- 10 Tours
- 11 See also
- 12 Notes
- 13 References
- 14 Further reading
- 15 External links
Life and career
1958–75: Early life and The Jackson 5
Michael Jackson was born on August 29, 1958. He was the eighth of ten children in an African-American working-class family who lived in a two-bedroom house in Gary, Indiana, an industrial city and a part of the Chicago metropolitan area.[16][17] His mother, Katherine Esther Scruse, was a devout Jehovah's Witness. She once aspired to be a country and western performer who played clarinet and piano, but worked part-time at Sears to help support the family.[18] His father, Joseph Walter "Joe" Jackson, a former boxer, was a steelworker atU.S. Steel. Joe also performed on guitar with a local R&B band called The Falcons to supplement the family's household income.[19]Michael grew up with three sisters (Rebbie, La Toya, and Janet) and five brothers (Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, Marlon, and Randy).[20] A sixth brother, Marlon's elder twin Brandon, died shortly after birth.[21]
Jackson had a troubled relationship with his father, Joe.[22][23] In 2003, Joe acknowledged that he regularly whipped Jackson as a boy.[24] Joe was also said to have verbally abused his son, saying that he had a "fat nose" on numerous occasions.[25] Jackson stated that he was physically and emotionally abused during incessant rehearsals, though he also credited his father's strict discipline with playing a large role in his success.[22] Speaking openly about his childhood in an interview with Oprah Winfrey, broadcast in February 1993, Jackson acknowledged that his youth had been lonely and isolating.[26] Jackson's deep dissatisfaction with his appearance, his nightmares and chronic sleep problems, his tendency to remain hyper-compliant, especially with his father, and to remain childlike throughout his adult life, are consistent with the effects of the maltreatment he endured as a young child.[27]
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